How Magnetic Particle Imaging achieves sub-millimeter 3D visualization of magnetic nanoparticle swarms in living tissue.
Unlike MRI which detects hydrogen protons in tissue, MPI directly detects the non-linear magnetic magnetization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, producing high-contrast images with zero background tissue signal.
By coupling MPI scanners with external steering gradient coils, the control computer tracks nanorobot swarm position at 40 volumes per second, dynamically adjusting steering fields to steer particles into target vessels.
MPI provides real-time vascular guidance without requiring X-ray fluoroscopy or iodinated contrast agents, protecting both patient and interventional radiologist from radiation exposure.